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After Disaster, AI Models Support Rapid Understanding of Health Facility Damage

News

Health

A man walks among the collapsed buildings in Maras, Turkey, days after severe earthquakes struck the country in February 2023. A new paper looks at the humanitarian use of AI and satellite imagery to quickly assess damage to health facilities. (Photo by Baran Ozdemir for Direct Relief)

Aerial satellite images paired with artificial intelligence can support humanitarian response during disasters, according to findings from a new paper published PLOS Digital Health.

Researchers compared how machine learning models can assess damage to health infrastructure from satellite imagery. The use of the models can help responders initially assess the damage within a geographic area to better coordinate post-disaster response. In a time and cost-saving measure, the models decrease the need for ground-based structural evaluations immediately following a disaster when life-saving measures are still being considered.

Researchers from Direct Relief and the Center for Innovation to Implementation published the article on PLOS Digital Health in October.

Researchers compared Microsoft and Google machine models to understand the structural damage caused by the 2023 earthquake in Turkey. They found that using AI models can help create rapid health facility damage reports. However, researchers also found that the models lack the ability to replace ground-level evaluations and underestimate damage to destroyed buildings long term.

Andrew Schroeder, Vice President of Research and Analysis at Direct Relief and one of the authors of the paper, said the models differ in how damage is defined. However, he finds the model’s potential promising, as it could identify population access to emergency medical supplies like pharmacies and doctor offices.

“It’s super impressive, but in need of more work,” he said. “In the future, we could aim to have a full-scale assessment of the change in the healthcare capacity of an area, remotely, within 42 to 78 hours after an event and without having to put assessors on the ground.”

“Predictive damage modeling has been around for several years now,” said Schroeder. “What’s new about the paper is the comparison of machine learning models for predictive damage assessment, specifically in the health sector.”

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