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Volunteers, military, police, and city rescue workers dig through the rubble of a fallen textile factory in the Obrera neighborhood of Mexico City on Wednesday Sept. 20, 2017 a day after an earthquake collapsed many buildings in the city.
In Brief
On September 7, 2017, an 8.1-magnitude earthquake jolted Mexico, claiming at least 98 lives. It was the strongest to strike there in a century.
Just days later, a 7.1-magnitude earthquake shook Mexico City on September 19, 2017, toppling structures and prompting evacuations across Mexico’s capital.
After each massive quake, Direct Relief responded as quickly and expansively as possible, helping survivors overcome enormous challenges and working to prevent any further loss of life.
As the Mexican states of Oaxaca and Chiapas recorded fatalities and massive infrastructure damage from the first quake, Direct Relief staff already in Mexico City quickly responded. The organization had been preparing for Hurricane Katia’s landfall when the initial earthquake struck, thus staff in-country were able to coordinate responses to both disaster situations. Direct Relief has many connections and partners in the country from previous relief efforts: sending medical supplies in the wake of Hurricane John in 2006, providing aid to a pediatric hospital and clinics in response to a 2009 H1N1 flu outbreak, airlifting medical supplies again in 2009 in the wake of Hurricane Jimena, organizing flood-relief efforts in 2013, helping cities prep for subsequent years’ hurricane seasons, and working with organizations such as Partners In Health and the Baxter International Foundation and Asociación Gilberto on mobile health initiatives supporting preventative care.
On September 10, 2017, Direct Relief arrived in Juchitán de Zaragoza, Oaxaca, with shipments of medication, gauze, surgical gloves, and other needed supplies, and began working with state and federal governments to bring large-scale shipments of medication and medical supplies to hospitals in the region. A gym became a makeshift hospital, with doctors in need of surgical supplies, sterile dressing gowns, catheters, sutures, and medication for chronic conditions. Direct Relief worked with Mexican government officials who could facilitate gathering lists of needs from local medical centers and get permits in place for large-scale medical shipments from the U.S.
Responding to the Second Earthquake
Rescue workers dig through the rubble of a fallen building in the Condesa neighborhood of Mexico City on Sept. 19, 2017. (Photo by Dominic Bracco II for Direct Relief)
A second quake struck Central Mexico with 7.1 magnitude force on September 19, 2017, the anniversary of a devastating earthquake in 1985 that had left 10,000 people dead. Ultimately, more than 370 deaths were reported in the aftermath of the second 2017 quake, with an epicenter in the state of Puebla. Students had been practicing earthquake drills just hours before the second quake struck.
Direct Relief’s response to the crisis caused by the initial quake was already well underway at that point, in coordination with Mexican and local governments. Contacts reported major concerns after the second quake in the state of Morelos, where a number of hospitals had collapsed in high-density urban areas. Patients were moved to a nearby park in at least one case, lying on stretchers beneath the trees with IV bags at their side. At temporary neighborhood aid stations, handwritten lists of needs were compiled on butcher paper taped to walls. Direct Relief offered support and an Emergency Health Kit to Mexico’s operational-response officials. The organization has Donataria Autorizada status from the Mexican government, allowing Mexican companies to receive tax benefits for donations. FedEx and Baxter made significant early contributions.
On September 23, 2017, Direct Relief volunteers began distributing bags of personal care items in Hueyapan, Morelos. The aid effort, in partnership with the Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas, included 10 vehicles and more than 30 volunteers, who distributed nearly 450 individual hygiene kits to 13 towns and villages affected by the earthquakes.
Many families ended up sleeping outside, on sidewalks and in parks, with only tarps for protection from the blazing sun and torrential rain. On October 25, 2017, representatives from Direct Relief partner organization Mexfam drove into the fishing village of Santa María Xadani in Oaxaca to deliver 10 large tents to families who lost their homes in the earthquakes. While not historically one of Mexfam’s primary directives, providing temporary shelter became a priority in the days after the quakes. Full recovery of homes could take years in some cases, as the owners must salvage what they can from the ruins and set aside materials to rebuild bit by bit. Direct Relief assisted in sourcing tents, food, and hard-to-find medications, coordinating on the distribution of goods via Mexfam’s fleet of vans.
Assessing Impact and Building for the Future
In municipalities such as Juchitán de Zaragoza, catastrophic damage struck half of the Municipal Palace, nearly all of the main market, nearly every religious structure, at least 30 percent of residential structures, and 90 percent of the city’s largest hospital. The hospital’s primary storage facility collapsed in the first earthquake, taking a month’s worth of medications with it. Medications were stored in the bleachers in the relocated hospital, temporarily staged in a local school’s gymnasium/auditorium. A temporary hospital was up and running on an empty baseball field near the city’s northern edge by the time the second quake hit, but stocking medications for the hospital and 118 health centers around the region remained a critical issue.
Direct Relief’s Mexico team worked in conjunction with the state government to find a new storage facility, a large warehouse not far from the temporary hospital in Juchitán. Mexican health officials immediately began using the space to store and organize medications from individual donors, pharmaceutical companies, and non-governmental organizations. Within a few weeks of the first quake, about half of the floor space in the cavernous, hangar-like space was filled with donations.
Medications gathered at the warehouse would be used to serve not only the temporary hospital in town, but also regional hospitals across 5 towns, health centers, and traveling medical teams headed to smaller municipalities, where daily tremors continued more than a month after the first quake. As plans were made to rebuild the general hospital with 30 more beds, this facility provided a way to channel medical resources to patients scattered around the region. Direct Relief worked closely with pharmaceutical companies and Mexico’s medical service to see that medical workers on the ground had timely access to needed medications such as IV antibiotics and analgesics.
Moving From Acute Care to Preventive Health
As conditions evolved after the earthquakes struck, doctors informed Direct Relief, medical needs did as well, moving from trauma injuries such as fractures to minor problems, such as skin irritation, swelling, and lacerations from exposure to damaged structures and stagnant water. Epidemiological issues would follow, with flare-ups of untreated chronic illnesses such as hypertension and diabetes becoming a concern. Direct Relief and Mexfam worked together to assess new ways to balance day-to-day work toward Mexfam’s organizational goals—including sex education, STD testing, and pre-and post-natal care—with imperatives of disaster relief. Mexfam stepped in to perform procedures such as appendectomies and cesarean sections through its Ixtaltepec clinic while continuing to address its reproductive health mission.
On November 9, 2017, the Baxter International Foundation, Asociación Gilberto, and Direct Relief sponsored a dental clinic for dozens of children in Zacazonapan. Schools distributed information and divided visit days by age, helping avoid confusion, overcrowding, or the need to turn anyone away. Each day, numbered tickets were distributed to 120 families, some of whom traveled from smaller villages up to 2 hours away. This clinic was part of a larger 3-year effort, Driving Your Health, aimed at connecting residents in and around Mexico City with health care. Most of the children would be seeing a dentist for the first time. This was one of the 72-plus communities in Mexico state that Asociación Gilberto was able to reach in 2017 using funds from Baxter International Foundation, channeled through Direct Relief.
The Driving Your Health program was established in 2015 to help expand access to health care, provide health education, and increase early detection of potentially serious health conditions. The Mexican Diabetes Association, for instance, directed funding toward establishing mobile glucose test sites in Mexico City, raising awareness and providing a pathway for diagnosis. Casa de la Amistad, a center for pediatric cancer that has helped more than 9,000 children with limited resources, used its funding to purchase a bus to transport patients from its center in southern Mexico City to hospitals around the city.
One Year Later
The process of recovery from the earthquakes at the one-year mark reflects the social and economic disparity that exists throughout the country in many ways. In the wealthy neighborhoods of Mexico City, recovery is well underway, with just a few empty lots resulting from collapsed structures or damaged buildings still awaiting demolition.
Direct Relief attends the opening of a temporary community health center in Ocuituco Morelos on Tuesday, November 14, 2017. Ocuituco’s health facilities were damaged during the September earthquake that left hundreds dead across the country and thousands of properties damaged in the state of Morelos. Direct Relief worked with Barebones tents to supply temporary shelters that will serve as a makeshift clinic in the area for the following months.
Meanwhile, the recovery for communities located outside of the urban center of the capital, as well as in the states of Puebla, Morelos, and Oaxaca, has been much slower, with the earthquake’s damage augmenting community vulnerabilities, including the precariousness of building construction and infrastructure systems.
Situation Update
Direct Relief has worked closely with local health authorities in Oaxaca and Morelos to ensure that the supply channel for critical medical aid is expanded in preparation for future disasters. Working relationships are critical to establish and expand prior to emergencies as they are tested during disasters.
Since the earthquakes struck, Direct Relief has sent $3 million ($58,153,990 MXN) worth of specifically requested emergency medical resources through 21 shipments to multiple healthcare facilities in Ciudad de Mexico, Chiapas, Estado de Mexico, Morelos, and Oaxaca; and has granted out $213,860 ($4,138,191 MXN) in cash to support partner organizations working directly with those affected by these deadly and destructive earthquakes. Relief and recovery shipments delivered to partners in Mexico contained essential medicines for acute and chronic diseases; insulin and supporting supplies; first aid and wound care supplies; general clinic supplies; diagnostic equipment items; and tents for emergency medical centers. Direct Relief is currently working with partners to offer additional grant assistance valued at over $450,000 ($8,447,528 MXN) to help them continue to rebuild after the earthquakes and prepare for future disasters.
Earthquake Recovery Priorities
Expand Mexico’s only COFEPRIS NOM-compliant humanitarian aid pharmaceutical supply chain to distribute medical donations approved by donor companies to the Secretaries of Health of Morelos and Oaxaca.
Immediately provide medicines and medical supplies to entities supporting people living in earthquake-affected areas.
Rebuild, repair, and re-equip health centers located in the affected areas.
Support long-term medical and rehabilitation services with recurring donations of medicines and supplies.
Repairing Health Infrastructure
Grants to Local Organizations
Repaired earthquake damage sustained at Mexican Diabetes Association, A.C. facilities, the rental of a safe space to provide training sessions, and the implementation of at least 10 medical campaigns in communities affected by the second earthquake. ($28,815 USD / $553,318 MXN)
Funded repairs of structural damages to the facility of Casa de la Amistad para Niños con Cáncer, IAP, in Mexico City, and to support patients’ families from the states of Chiapas, Oaxaca, Mexico, Morelos, Puebla, and Guerrero who were impacted by the earthquakes. ($74,562 US / $1,431,750 MXN)
Multiple public medical campaigns were carried out by the Mexican Association of Malta, A.C., and medical educational materials were shared in communities affected by the second earthquake. ($18,883 US / $362,600 MXN)
Repaired damages to the facilities of Asociación Gilberto Delegación Estado de México, A.C., and provided funds to conduct health examinations for people affected by the earthquake in the State of Mexico. ($6,449 US / $123,842 MXN)
Provided for the purchase and maintenance of a 4×4 vehicle by Compañeros en Salud, A.C., in Jaltenango de la Paz, Chiapas, to guarantee better response times during a disaster or emergency situation. ($45,912 US / $881,617.50 MXN)
Repaired and remodeled the health center of Fundación Mexicana para la Planeacion Familiar, A.C. in Ixtaltepec, Oaxaca, which was damaged by earthquakes. ($40,413 US / $776,015 MXN)
Secured a one-year lease for a 1,200-square-meter storage facility to facilitate the stocking of medications for the town’s largest hospital, which had set up a temporary site when its main facility had been incapacitated. ($28,114 USD / $540,000 MXN)
Contracted with Kuehne + Nagel, one of the logistics and storage companies most recognized by the pharmaceutical industry, to ensure transparency and integrity in the supply chain of donated products. In addition to contracted space, the socially responsible company has committed to donating 100 storage spaces to Direct Relief. $38,205 US ($ 733,618 MXN)
Looking Ahead
The unprecedented back-to-back earthquakes experienced in Mexico will leave lasting effects on the country and its people. Over its 70-year history, Direct Relief has learned that strong local preparedness and recovery plans are needed to respond effectively to disasters.
Prior to the first earthquake, Direct Relief had established an extensive national network of government and non-profit healthcare providers which allowed it to quickly and effectively respond to both short and long-term medical needs. Furthermore, the aftermath of the quake proved catalytic for Direct Relief’s service-provider network, prompting organizations in ten states to formalize agreements to receive donated goods.
As Mexico continues to improve its national emergency response system, Direct Relief pledges its support through expanding its in-country partner network to aid in the reconstruction of critical health infrastructure, as well as by supporting organizations providing emergency training for health professionals to ensure that they are well prepared for any future emergencies.
Ensuring Donors’ Intent
A full 100% percent of the contributions received for Mexico earthquake assistance efforts are restricted for exclusive use to assist health organizations working with people affected by the earthquakes.
Direct Relief recognizes the generous support of national and international donors, with the majority of funding received from individuals and health companies in the United States.
Direct Relief does not receive any financing from governmental institutions.
Within the first 24 hours of the first earthquake, Direct Relief modified its online donation page to ensure (1) that the organization’s policy regarding designated donations for the Mexico earthquake was prominently featured for all visitors, and (2) that, before making a contribution, a person would be required to choose whether the donation was intended to be designated for Mexico earthquake relief or for another specified purpose or location.
This practice was adopted several years ago to avoid potential confusion about donors’ intentions, particularly following high-profile emergencies which often spur spontaneous online financial contributions from a generous public wanting to help. Direct Relief is obliged to honor the intention of donors who make contributions, and this practice ensures that donors express their intent when making a gift.
Direct Relief is working directly with Ukraine’s Ministry of Health and other partners in the region to provide requested medical aid to people caught in the crossfire and fleeing the crisis.
